CAS No.: 5949-29-1
H. S code: 29181 40000
Molecular weight: 210.14
Appearance: Colorless crystals or white crystalline powder.
Specification: BP98 / BP2012 / USP32 / E330
Package: 25 kg/1, 000 kg composite paper-plastic bag.
Available quantity: 150, 000 mt/year.
Delivery: Within 10 days after contract confirmation.
Citric acida colorless translucent crystalline acid, C6H8O7, principally derived by fermentation of carbohydrates or from lemon, lime, and pineapple juices and used in preparing citrates and in flavorings and metal polishes. Today, essentially all of the commercial citric acid is produced by surface or submerged fermentation by mold (Aspergillus Niger) and submerged fermentation by yeast (Candida guilliermondii, C. Lipolytica), using a variety of substrates including sucrose, molasses, corn syrup, enzyme-treated starch, and normal paraffins.
2 Applications
Citric Acid is mainly used as acidulant, flavoring agent, preservative and antistaling agent in food and beverage industry. Moreover, it is also used as antioxidant, plasticizer and detergent in chemical, cosmetics and cleaning industries
Citric acid is widely used in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
In foods it is used primarily to produce a tart taste and to complement fruit flavors in carbonated beverages, beverage powders, fruit-flavored drinks, jams and jellies, candy, sherbets, water ices, and wine. It is also used to reduce pH in certain canned foods to make heat treatment more effective, and in conjunction with antioxidants to chelate trace metals and retard enzymatic activity.
In pharmaceuticals, citric acid provides the acid source in effervescent tablets in addition to being used to adjust pH, impart a tart taste, and chelate trace metals.
| CHARACTERISTICS |
A WHITE CRYSTALLINE POWDER
COLORLESS CRYSTALS OR GRANULAR |
| IDENTIFICATION |
CONFORMING WITH THE TEST |
| ASSAY |
99.5%~101.0% |
| CLARITY |
CONFORMING WITH THE TEST |
| READILY CARBONATION SUBSTANCES |
CONFORMING WITH THE TEST |
| CALCIUM |
CONFORMING WITH THE TEST |
| Lead |
≤ 1PPM |
| OXALATE |
≤100PPM |
| SULPHATE |
≤150PPM |
| CHLORIDE |
≤50PPM |
| IRON |
≤50ppm |
| ARSENIC |
≤1ppm |
| HEAVY METALS(AS Pb) |
≤5PPM |
| WATER |
≤ 8.8 % |
| SULPHATED ASH |
≤0.05% |
| BACTERIAL ENDOTOXINS |
CONFORMING WITH THE TEST |
| MERCURY |
≤1 PPM |
| Citric acid monohydrate Basic information |
| Product Name: |
Citric acid monohydrate |
| Synonyms: |
CitronensαureMonohydrat;PROPANONE;PYROACETIC ETHER;FEMA 3326;EXTRAN AP 22;EXTRAN(R) AP 22;EXTRAN(R) AP22, ACID RINSE DETERGENT WITH CITRIC ACID;EXTRAN(R) AP22 DETERGENT |
| CAS: |
5949-29-1 |
| MF: |
C6H10O8 |
| MW: |
210.1388 |
| EINECS: |
200-662-2 |
| Product Categories: |
C-D, Puriss p.a. ACS;Puriss p.a. ACS;Buffers A to ZCarbonyl Compounds;Other BiochemicalBiological Buffers;Biochemicals Found in Plants;C6Nutrition Research;Carboxylic Acids;SigmaUltra Buffers;ACS GradeCarbonyl Compounds;Essential Chemicals;Other Biochemical;Analytical Reagents;Analytical Reagents for General Use;Puriss;Buffers A to ZEssential Chemicals;USP/MultiCompendial Grade Buffers;USPBiological Buffers;Biological Buffers;Routine Reagents;Buffers A to ZNutrition Research;Reagent GradeMetabolic Pathways;Metabolites and Cofactors on the Metabolic Pathways Chart;Other BiochemicalEssential Chemicals;TCA;Food additive and acidulant;#N/A;BioXtra Buffers;Biological Buffers;Buffers A to Z;Building Blocks;C6;Carbonyl Compounds;Carboxylic Acids;Chemical Synthesis;Nutrition Research;Organic Building Blocks;Other Biochemical;Phytochemicals by Chemical Classification;ACS Grade;Essential Chemicals;Inorganic Salts;Research Essentials;Solutions and Reagents;Citric Acid Monohydrate is mainly used as acidulating, flavoring and preservative in foods and beverages |
| Mol File: |
5949-29-1.mol |
| |
| |
| Citric acid monohydrate Chemical Properties |
| Melting point |
-94 °C(lit.) |
| Boiling point |
56 °C760 mm Hg(lit.) |
| density |
0.791 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.) |
| vapor density |
2 (vs air) |
| vapor pressure |
184 mm Hg ( 20 °C) |
| refractive index |
n20/D 1.359(lit.) |
| Fp |
1 °F |
| storage temp. |
Store at RT. |
| solubility |
H2O: soluble54% (w/w) at 10°C (Citric acid in water) |
| form |
Solid |
| color |
White |
| Specific Gravity |
0.810 (20/4ºC) |
| PH |
1.85 (50g/l, H2O, 25ºC) |
| Water Solubility |
1630 g/L (20 ºC) |
| Sensitive |
Hygroscopic |
| Merck |
14,2326 |
| BRN |
4018641 |
| Stability: |
Stable. Incompatible with oxidizing agents, bases, reducing agents, nitrates. |
| InChIKey |
YASYEJJMZJALEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| CAS DataBase Reference |
5949-29-1(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| NIST Chemistry Reference |
Citric acid monohydrate(5949-29-1) |
| EPA Substance Registry System |
1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, hydrate (1:1) (5949-29-1) |
| Hazard Codes |
F,Xi |
| Risk Statements |
11-36-66-67-41-36/37/38-37/38 |
| Safety Statements |
9-16-26-37/39-36/37/39-36 |
| RIDADR |
UN 1090 3/PG 2 |
| WGK Germany |
1 |
| RTECS |
AL3150000 |
| TSCA |
Yes |
| HS Code |
29181400 |
| Toxicity |
LD50 orally in Rabbit: 3000 mg/kg |
| Provider |
Language |
| Citric acid monohydrate |
English |
| SigmaAldrich |
English |
| ALFA |
English |
| |
| Citric acid monohydrate Usage And Synthesis |
| Chemical Properties |
white crystals or powder |
| Chemical Properties |
Citric acid monohydrate occurs as colorless or translucent crystals, or as a white crystalline, efflorescent powder. It is odorless and has a strong acidic taste. The crystal structure is orthorhombic. |
| Production Methods |
Citric acid occurs naturally in a number of plant species and may be extracted from lemon juice, which contains 5-8% citric acid, or pineapple waste. Anhydrous citric acid may also be produced industrially by mycological fermentation of crude sugar solutions such as molasses, using strains of Aspergillus niger . Citric acid is purified by recrystallization; the anhydrous form is obtained from a hot concentrated aqueous solution and the monohydrate from a cold concentrated aqueous solution. |
| Pharmaceutical Applications |
Citric acid (as either the monohydrate or anhydrous material) is widely used in pharmaceutical formulations and food products, primarily to adjust the pH of solutions. It has also been used experimentally to adjust the pH of tablet matrices in enteric-coated formulations for colon-specific drug delivery. Citric acid monohydrate is used in the preparation of effervescent granules, while anhydrous citric acid is widely used in the preparation of effervescent tablets. Citric acid has also been shown to improve the stability of spray-dried insulin powder in inhalation formulations.
In food products, citric acid is used as a flavor enhancer for its tart, acidic taste. Citric acid monohydrate is used as a sequestering agent and antioxidant synergist. It is also a component of anticoagulant citrate solutions. Therapeutically, preparations containing citric acid have been used to dissolve renal calculi. |
| Safety |
Citric acid is found naturally in the body, mainly in the bones, and is commonly consumed as part of a normal diet. Orally ingested citric acid is absorbed and is generally regarded as a nontoxic material when used as an excipient. However, excessive or frequent consumption of citric acid has been associated with erosion of the teeth.
Citric acid and citrates also enhance intestinal aluminum absorption in renal patients, which may lead to increased, harmful serum aluminum levels. It has therefore been suggested that patients with renal failure taking aluminum compounds to control phosphate absorption should not be prescribed citric acid or citrate-containing products. |
| storage |
Citric acid monohydrate loses water of crystallization in dry air or when heated to about 408ºC. It is slightly deliquescent in moist air. Dilute aqueous solutions of citric acid may ferment on standing. |
| Purification Methods |
Crystallise it from hot H2O solution (w/w solubility is 54% at 10o, 71% at 50o and 84% at 100o. The monohydrate (softens at ~75o and melts at ~100o) dehydrates in air or when heated gently above 40o . The triethylester ( M 276.3, b 127o/1mm, 294o/atm, d 4 1.137, n D 1.4420.) is a bitter tasting oil. [Beilstein 3 H 556 and 568, 3 IV 1272.] |
| Incompatibilities |
Citric acid is incompatible with potassium tartrate, alkali and alkaline earth carbonates and bicarbonates, acetates, and sulfides. Incompatibilities also include oxidizing agents, bases, reducing agents, and nitrates. It is potentially explosive in combination with metal nitrates. On storage, sucrose may crystallize from syrups in the presence of citric acid. |
| Regulatory Status |
GRAS listed. The anhydrous form is accepted for use as a food additive in Europe. Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database (inhalations; IM, IV, and other injections; ophthalmic preparations; oral capsules, solutions, suspensions and tablets; topical and vaginal preparations). Included in nonparenteral and parenteral medicines licensed in Japan and the UK. Included in the Canadian List of Acceptable Non-medicinal Ingredients. |
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| Citric acid monohydrate Preparation Products And Raw materials |
| Raw materials |
Sodium hydroxide-->Hydrochloric acid-->Sulfuric acid -->Calcium carbonate |
| Preparation Products |
ribonucleic acid for injection-->2-(1H-PYRAZOL-1-YL)BENZOIC ACID-->3-(1H-PYRAZOL-3-YL)BENZOIC ACID-->ANGIOTENSIN II, HUMAN-->TERT-BUTYL (3S)-3-AMINOBUTANOATE-->LORACARBEF (200 MG)-->Ritonavir-->Prostaglandin E2 -->red kojic rice-->Calcium citrate-->Clomifene citrate-->citric acid, iron(3+) salt |
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